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W A.--SPIOER.

COOKING STOVE. No. 248.808. Patented Oct; 25,1881.

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W. A. SPICE-R.

T COOKING STOVE.

No. 248,808. Patented Oct. 25,1881.

WITNESSES:

Unrrnn STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

\VILLIAM A. SPICER, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO SPIOERS &PEOKHAM, OF SAME PLACE.

COOKING-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,808, dated October25, 1881. Application filed February 5, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, \VILLIAM A. SPioEn, ofthe city and county of Providence, and State of Rhode Island, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Cooking Stoves and Ranges; andI hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,forming partof this specification.

This invention has reference to an improvemeat in the oven or ovens ofstoves or ranges; and it consists in providing such ovens with a pointeror indicator pivotally connected with the door of said oven and moved bythe expansion or contraction of a metal rod connected to its lever-arm,induced by a higher or lower temperature in the oven, to indicate thetemperature.

Itfurtherconsists in providing the oven-door with marks or words,whereby the interior condition of the oven maybeindicated by a pointeror indicator pivotally connected withsaid door and moved by theexpansion or contraction of a metal rod connected to the lever-arm ofsaid pointer, induced by a higher or lower temperature in the oven, allof which will be more fully set forth hereinafter.

Figure 1 is a view of part of a cooking stove or range, showing a doorof the oven provided with a beveled glass panel. Fig. 2 is an enlargedsectional view, showing a beveled glass panel secured so as to allow offree expansion and contraction. Fig. 3 is a view of a door for a stoveor range oven provided with a glass panel and a thermometer placed sothat it can be read through the glass panel without opening the door.Fig. 4 is a partial view, showing the interior of the door, showing athermometer consisting of a pivoted pointer connected with a rod ofmetal, the ratio of expansion of which is greater than the ratio ofexpansion of the metal to which it is secured, marks being made on theglass panel, so that the pointer will indicate the condition of theinterior of the oven.

In the drawings, A represents a portion of a stove or range; 13, thedoor of the same, and C a glass panel, made of thick glass with abeveled edge. Around the panel a is a sheetmetal frame, in which thebeveled glass panel is supported, this frame being preferably made ofbrass, so as to expand and contract more under variation of temperaturethan either the iron of the stove or range, or the frame of the door andthe glass panel, so that in the expansion and contraction the glasspanel shall not be strained, and the brass frame will interpose betweenthem and protect the glass against injury. By using thick glass the sameis not so liable to injury by the unequal expansion, and the bevelededges enter the sheet-metal frame like a wedge, so that when the metal(which expands more than the glass under a given rise in temperature)expands it will readily slide on the beveled edge, and when it contractsit will draw up the beveled surface, thus always holding the glass panelfirmly, while the same is never strained or liable to break by theopening or closing of the door.

I) I) represent clamps for holding the sheetmetal frame a and the panel,which clamps may be provided with springs 0, so as to allow still morefreedom to the glass panel.

6 represents the frame of the door, made, as usual, of cast-iron.

In stoves or ranges used for domestic baking it is desirable to watchthe process of baking, and for this purpose the door is frequentlyopened, and at each opening the temperature of the oven is much reduced.In most kinds of dessertbaking this reduction of the temperature anddisturbance of the baking is very injurious and often ruins thearticles.

By the use of the glass panel the interior of the oven can be readilyseen and the process,

of baking observed without opening the door. Time and fuel are thereforesaved, and the loss of articles by burning, overbaking, or the suddenstoppage of baking is avoided, while inexperienced and timid cooks willbe thus enabled to watch the process and secure the exact quality inbaking desired.

It is also desirable to ascertain the best heat of the oven to cook orbake certain kinds of dishes or bread, and to know when the desired heatis reached and whether the same ismaintained. Some articles must beplaced in the oven at a high heat, which must be gradually diminished toobtain the best results, while others require the opposite graduation ofheat. To enable the cook to at all times know the condition of the oven,I place within the oven IOU or upon the door a thermometer, pyrometer,or other heat-measurer, preferring for this purpose the rodf, made ofmetal, such as brass, that will expand more than iron on a given rise intemperature. This rodfis secured at one end to the frame of the door, toany other part of the oven, or to a separate iron rod, and at. the otherend to the short arm of the pointer g, the pointer being pivoted to theiron of the door or to the iron rod referred to. The difference in theexpansion of the rod f will move the long arm of the pointer over eithera grad uated scale or other marks by which the condition ofthe oven isindicated such as baking oi"baking-point, pastry, bread, or other words,marks, or signs. The thermometer h,

made in the usualmanner,but with asmallbulb and long glass, m ay also beused, secured on the inside of the oven, so as to be readily seenthrough the glass panel.

By this construction of stoves and ranges their usefulness is muchincreased, and much time, labor, care, and food are saved, while greatercleanliness is insured, the interior of the oven being open to view.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent 1. The combination, with the door of an even providedwith a glass panel, of the rodf, fixed with one end to the door, and thepivoted pointer g, to a lever-arm of which the other end of the rod fisfixed, all constructed to indicate the temperature of the oven, asdescribed.

2. The combination, with the door B, rod f, pivoted pointer g, and glasspanel C, of marks or words made on the glass panel, so that the motionof the pointer will indicate the interior condition of the oven, asdescribed.

WILLIAM A. SPIGER.

\Vitnesses J 0s. A. MILLER, JosEPrI A. MILLER, Jr.

